I Ching Explorer

Trigrams in I Ching
Trigrams are made of different (all possible) combinations of three Yin / Yang lines and are fundamental for I Ching. There are 8 trigrams in I Ching. Each trigram has its own symbolic presentation and is associated with various aspects of the world.
Heaven
Lake
Fire
Thunder
Qian
Dui
Li
Zhen
Wind
Water
Mountain
Earth
Xun
Kan
Gen
Kun

Position of each yin-yang line in the trigram has a special symbolic meaning and reflects a typical for Chinese mind a pyramid of Heaven, Humanity (Mankind) and Earth.

Heaven – cosmos, sky, weather, spiritual and mental matters, intuition, subconscious, future.
Humanity – psychological, emotional and social aspects of mankind, present time.
Earth – material world, everything down-to-the-earth, sensuality, physical conditions, past time.
It is being said, that Heaven and Earth deeply gravitate to each other, but cannot produce anything by their own without mediation. In this 3-level pyramid Humans play a special role of mediator and inter-connector between Heaven and Earth.

It is also said, that each trigram reflects interrelationships between different aspects of life which normally are not necessarily being associated with each other [6] p.45. Among them - People, Health, Elements, Senses, Flavors, Nature, Animals, Plants, Colors, Seasons, Time of the Day and Directions. According to tradition, Trigram qualities are grouped into 8 main groups – or as we call them here – channels, which provide multi-dimensional view to the inner characteristics of trigrams.



Trigram Qualities & Attributes
#TrigramSymbolCharacteristic
1 Qian
Heaven
Initiating
--- Qualities ---
General:Masculinity, light, activity.
Time: evening, autumn – early winter.
Taste: sharp-tasting.
Color: bright colors.
Body Parts: Head, bone, lung
Element: Metal (deep red metals)
Family
Position
Father. Also, Senior Males, Wise Men, Monks, Rulers, Emperors, Kings, Presidents, Commanders ...
2 Dui
Lake
Joyous
--- Qualities ---
General:Serenity and happiness
Time: evening, late autumn
Taste: spicy flavor
Color: red color.
Body Parts: Tounge, mouth, throat, saliva, lung
Element: Metal (especially silver)
Family
Position
Youngest Daughter.
Also, young girls up to 15 years old, sorceresses, concubines, clerks, legal workers, astrologers.
3 Li
Fire
Clinging
--- Qualities ---
General:Brightness, clarity
Time: noon, mid-summer
Taste: bitter taste
Color: red and purple color
Body Parts: Eyes, Heart
Element: Fire
Family
Position
Middle Daughter.
Also, women between 16 and 30, People in Entertainment and Beauty Industries, Intellectuals, Celebrities.
4 Zhen
Thunder
Arousing
--- Qualities ---
General:Awakening
Time: early morning, spring
Taste: sour taste
Color: bright green.
Body Parts: Foot, liver, hair, voice
Element: Earth
Family
Position
Eldest Son.
Also, mid-aged men, action men, motivated people, enthusiastic, first teachers, coaches, mentors ...
5 Xun
Wind
Penetrating
--- Qualities ---
General:Gentle penetration, persistence.
Time: Mid-morning, late Spring – early Summer
Taste: sour taste
Color: dark green color.
Body Parts: Upper arm, thigh
Element: Wood
Family
Position
Eldest Daughter.
Also, women between 30 – 45, Business executives, Planners, Poets, Artists, Dance Instructors ...
6 Kan
Water
Caution
--- Qualities ---
General:Danger, abyss, darkness
Time: night, mid-winter
Taste: salty taste
Color: black color.
Body Parts: Ear, Blood, Kidney
Element: Water
Family
Position
Middle Son.
Also, men between 16 and 30, Diplomats, Writers, Sailors, Drivers, Travelers.
7 Gen
Mountain
Stillness
--- Qualities ---
General:Stillness, steadiness, immobility, solidity
Time: early morning, late winter and early spring
Taste: sweet taste
Color: white color
Body Parts: Finger, bone, nose, back, back bone
Element: Earth
Family
Position
Youngest Son.
Also boys up to 15 years of age, security guards, prisoners, inventors, revolutionaries ...
8 Kun
Earth
Responding
--- Qualities ---
General:Receptivity, femininity
Time: afternoon, late summer and early winter
Taste: sweet taste
Color: yellow color
Body Parts: Abdomen, flesh, stomach, spleen
Element: Earth
Family
Position
Mother.
Also, wives, women 45+, doctors, nurses, social workers and housekeepers ..

#
Trigram
Symbol
Characte-ristic
Qualities
Family Position
1
Qian
Heaven
Initiating
Masculinity, light, activity.
Time: evening, autumn – early winter.
Taste: sharp-tasting.
Color: bright colors.
Body Parts: Head, bone, lung
Element: Metal (deep red metals)
Father.
Also, Senior Males, Wise Men, Monks, Rulers, Emperors, Kings, Presidents, Commanders ...
2
Dui
Lake
Joyous
Serenity and happiness
Time: evening, late autumn
Taste: spicy flavor
Color: red color.
Body Parts: Tounge, mouth, throat, saliva, lung
Element: Metal (especially silver)
Youngest Daughter.
Also, young girls up to 15 years old, sorceresses, concubines, clerks, legal workers, astrologers.
3
Li
Fire
Clinging
Brightness, clarity
Time: noon, mid-summer
Taste: bitter taste
Color: red and purple color
Body Parts: Eyes, Heart
Element: Fire
Middle Daughter.
Also, women between 16 and 30, People in Entertainment and Beauty Industries, Intellectuals, Celebrities.
4
Zhen
Thunder
Arousing
Awakening
Time: early morning, spring
Taste: sour taste
Color: bright green.
Body Parts: Foot, liver, hair, voice
Element: Earth
Eldest Son.
Also, mid-aged men, action men, motivated people, enthusiastic, first teachers, coaches, mentors ...
5
Xun
Wind
Penetrating
Gentle penetration, persistence.
Time: Mid-morning, late Spring – early Summer
Taste: sour taste
Color: dark green color.
Body Parts: Upper arm, thigh
Element: Wood
Eldest Daughter.
Also, women between 30 – 45, Business executives, Planners, Poets, Artists, Dance Instructors ...
6
Kan
Water
Caution
Danger, abyss, darkness
Time: night, mid-winter
Taste: salty taste
Color: black color.
Body Parts: Ear, Blood, Kidney
Element: Water
Middle Son.
Also, men between 16 and 30, Diplomats, Writers, Sailors, Drivers, Travelers.
7
Gen
Mountain
Stillness
Stillness, steadiness, immobility, solidity
Time: early morning, late winter and early spring
Color: white color
Taste: sweet taste.
Body Parts: Finger, bone, nose, back, back bone
Element: Earth
Youngest Son.
Also boys up to 15 years of age, security guards, prisoners, inventors, revolutionaries ...
8
Kun
Earth
Responding
Receptivity, femininity
Time: afternoon, late summer and early winter
Taste: sweet taste
Color: yellow color.
Body Parts: Abdomen, flesh, stomach, spleen
Element: Earth
Mother.
Also, wives, women 45+, doctors, nurses, social workers and housekeepers ...

Trigram Sequence Charts
8 Trigrams in I Ching can be arranged (ordered) and many alternative ways. One of the most known and historically first arrangement is depicted below.
I Ching tradition attributes presented here diagram to Fu Xi and calls the diagram a Pa Kua (Ba Gua) or The Early Heaven Sequence Chart. This octagonal chart can be often seen hung on external parts of many Chinese buildings (never inside) and believed to guard against negative Chi energy.
As you can see from the diagram above, diagonally placed trigrams are the exact inversions of each other and can be produced by changing Yin lines to Yang and Yang lines to Yin. Compare for example trigrams #3 (Li - Fire) and #6 (Kan - Water) or #2 (Dui - Lake) and #7 (Gen - Mountain).
Other, also classic way to arrange trigrams - called The Later Heaven Sequence Chart - is attributed to King Wen and is shown below:


This arrangement has close ties with famous Lo Shu’s Magic Square with its well-known “magic” feature: the sums of the numbers in each row, each column, and all main diagonals are the same - 15. In its ancient, tortoise shell form Lo Shu’s Magic square can be graphically presented as:


or in its modern Western form as:
Also, please note that traditional directions depicted in classic trigram arrangements are different from Western standard – South is on the top and North is of the bottom. Similar situation with East and West sides of the World. This is understandable, as directions used in I Ching were born from Five Elements rather than from magnetic compass readings [7] p 17.
Comparing both classic trigram arrangement to each other we can say that both arrangements have the equivalent power but they are not the same. For example, while meaning, associations and all other properties of trigrams themselves in both arrangement remain the same, the ordinal numbers associated with trigrams have changed. This needs to be taken into consideration when mapping trigram-based casting results to the actual trigram. As clarity and practical convenience are important, we will be using a trigram numbering system from The Early Heaven Sequence Chart as it is more intuitive and uses only 8 numbers which is easier to map to eight trigrams.
Trigrams and Human Body
Tradition says, that our body is built using Universe as example and that each trigram is associated with its own specific part in human body. This ancient knowledge is being actively used in Feng Shui and traditional Chinese medicine.

All-In-One View
Combining our knowledge about yin-yang, digrams and trigrams with their alternative arrangements we can arrive to the following panoramic, all-in-one view.